CBD is all the rage these days. Everyone seems to be talking about it, but what is CBD and what does it do?
也許您已經聽說過CBD叫做大麻素/大麻类物质(Cannabinoid)。術語大麻素是指通過激活其受體來觸發內源性大麻素系統(endocannabinoid system,之後文章中會簡稱ECS)的化合物。
您的體內會自然產生大麻素,但是大麻素也可以通過其他來源獲得。 在您的身體內自然產生的大麻素,被稱為內源性大麻素(endocannabinoids)。來自植物的大麻素被稱為植物性大麻素(phytocannabinoids)。 CBD(大麻二酚)是存在於植物中的大麻素類物質的其中一種,而大麻素的種類還有許許多多,甚至包括人工合成的大麻素(synthetic cannabinoids)。
任何可以觸發內源性大麻素系統(ECS)運作的化合物都可以被稱之為大麻素。那麼內源性大麻素系統究竟是什麼呢? ECS在調節體內許多功能時發揮著重要作用,包括炎症系統(inflammatory system),免疫功能,睡眠,食慾,消化,痛感受體,激素,生殖功能和記憶。您的身體會根據自身特別的需求而製造內源性大麻素來維持身體的健康運作。這些內源性大麻素主要通過激活大麻素受體 (cannabinoid receptors)- 大麻素受體1(cannabinoid receptor 1,以下簡稱CB1)和大麻素受體2(cannabinoid receptor 2,以下簡稱CB2)進行運作。
CB1受體主要存在於大腦和整個中樞神經系統中。它們主要負責愉悅感和回報感相關的神經傳遞。
CB2受體主要存在於免疫系統中。它們存在於整個身體內含有的白細胞表面,包括肌肉,皮膚和重要器官。 CB2受體也與炎症系統的調節有關。 CB2受體並不像CB1受體那樣廣泛分佈於全身。
BCP是古巴香脂精油中的主要化学成分,其来自蒸馏古巴香脂树脂所萃取出的精油。 GC / MS分析证实,doTERRA古巴香脂精油精油的BCP含量约为55%,是所有已知油中BCP含量最高的。
Notes
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10DEA, The Controlled Substances Act https://www.dea.gov/taxonomy/term/701 (29 April 2019).
11FDA, supra note 5, What Are Cannabis and Marijuana? Food, Drug, & Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act), 21 U.S.C. § 802 (16) https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/802. 12FDA, supra note 5.
13Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, Pub. L. 115-334, Sec. 297A. Definitions https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/2.
14FDA, supra note 5, Is it legal for me to sell CBD products?
15Id. How does the 2018 Farm Bill define hemp? What does it mean for FDA-regulated products? FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. § 802 https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21. Public Health Service Act, 42 U.S.C § 6 (A) https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/chapter-6A.
16FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. § 321 (ff)(3)(B) https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/321.
17FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. § 355 https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/355. FD&C Act, 21 CFR § 312.2 https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/21/312.2.
18FDA, supra note 5. FDA,
19FDA and Marijuana, 19 June 2018 https://www.fda.gov/news-events/public-health-focus/fda-and-marijuana.
20Id.
21FDA, Warning Letters and Test Results for Cannabidiol-Related Products, 2 April 2019 https://www.fda.gov/news-events/public-health-focus/warning-letters-and-test-results-cannabidiol-related-products.
22Cody Beaumont, doTERRA, A Chemist's Perspective: Cannabinoids, Cannabis, and Caryophyllene https://www.doterra.com/US/en/blog/science-research-news-a-chemists-perspective (29 April 2019).
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